正参考的20分钟科学报告提纲:
8 w$ ^" G r5 g* ~# m 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)$ s4 d/ ]8 h0 b& P/ r: C
2. Forecast (1 slide): Give gist of problem attacked and insight found (What is the one idea you want people to leave with? This is the "abstract" of an oral presentation.)! B: w- u" H% S$ ^" |% f5 X' @" Q% ?
3. Outline (1 slide): Give talk structure. Some speakers prefer to put this at the bottom of their title slide. (Audiences like predictability.)! [! M1 ^* X# W- o" ~ V
4. Background4 _2 g( I* b9 u/ Q, A
4-1. Motivation and Problem Statement (1-2 slides):(Why should anyone care? Most researchers overestimate how much the audience knows about the problem they are attacking.)
( |# n2 @: G3 d# s3 L 4-2. Related Work (0-1 slides): Cover superficially or omit; refer people to your paper./ U9 M' ^. A* \4 b
4-3. Methods (1 slide): Cover quickly in short talks; refer people to your paper. J% E+ F, d( \- D' R9 ?
5. Results (4-6 slides): Present key results and key insights. This is main body of the talk. Its internal structure varies greatly as a function of the researcher's contribution. (Do not superficially cover all results; cover key result well. Do not just present numbers; interpret them to give insights. Do not put up large tables of numbers.)( H, y$ R/ d0 |, i6 L
6. Summary (1 slide)6 z% s& ~) J7 ~! c: X7 [& x: J
7. Future Work (0-1 slides):Optionally give problems this research opens up.
% i( |: }. _6 B* N$ W' j: Q 8. Backup Slides (0-3 slides): Optionally have a few slides ready (not counted in your talk total) to answer expected questions. (Likely question areas: ideas glossed over, shortcomings of methods or results, and future work.)9 n4 P7 p, D$ U0 [ r/ Q9 V* n: j, L
8 _/ E3 i: f1 o8 u: a/ `简洁版: 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)1 X4 ~' E, J) Q5 T
2. Motivation (1 slide)
! t A! S7 V# W. ?- D( y 3. Background (1 slide)
4 \# c# P: h' f 4. Hypothesis (1 slide)
6 p3 r$ N/ [- I2 Y+ u0 h 5. Results (8 slides)
! B0 H/ G. g* c2 \# S 6. Conclusion (1 slide)7 h. S) W) ?- X* m: ?
7. Future Work (1 slide)5 a% i7 z2 I7 [) c. j" j
8. Acknowledgements (1slide)* x- ^9 D9 Y; ?8 o. z
9. Backup Slides
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, R2 ?8 |0 |( @" n" E8 E举个例子:& U5 {4 @; `( A& e
) ?7 \* g2 S4 y) K9 o(1)原则- T9 {8 J( H- l' i
首先,引用 A PhD is not enough 中的话:
- h+ k$ |2 d5 m8 C, oAs the speaker you are putting on a one-man show. Your listeners are investigating an hour of their valuable time... They expect to hear a good story, with a beginning, a middle and an end...
4 F$ y& v( L1 M" c+ k) e9 N s! I... Never over-estimate your audience...
: Y% I/ n2 c$ r4 e- f是的,要讲一个“故事”,因为大家都喜欢听故事,无厘头在这里就不靠谱了。而且要尽量讲得简单易懂,化繁为简,林老师也说“如果学术报告能够让老妈也能听懂,就是成功”(据说是 Don Forsyth 的名言)。/ _% @! n" B* d( ]
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(2)结构; C6 K7 C/ p5 l9 ^3 G& x( Z( H( E
我之前分享了一份20分钟科学演讲的提纲:
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以“讲故事”为目标,修改后的最终版本PPT的结构变成了:1 ?, G9 g( l" m4 _3 U/ t0 [' s
1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide); X' h6 V' h% Y9 W
2. Motivation (1 slide)
, L1 o- d" |- _- l, O3 l9 c6 H 3. Background (1 slide)
" H3 Y1 g; v$ a; x H+ z! ` 4. Hypothesis (1 slide)
\! _' P- F8 v) P$ n2 p 5. Results (8 slides)
4 {1 o3 q2 f1 f& B2 \& Y9 o8 s, Q3 V 6. Conclusion (1 slide)4 S' ]! V+ j- I1 b
7. Future Work (1 slide)+ t8 I9 @4 O; b/ P' [3 v: q
8. Acknowledgements (1slide)
3 @. ^( O: Z9 U# p8 T0 t& l0 s, ^2 d& D 9. Backup Slides, R$ I7 J. L( w
( O; J: _3 ^( H" `! P* R几点我觉得比较重要的改变包括:5 l2 _ }8 Y3 F$ L
a. 删除 Forcast & Outline,这是为了更快的进入“故事”;其实所有与故事无关的都应当删去。( c8 [9 A, F* j
b. 缩减 Background,删减后的这个部分只有一张slide,只包括“故事”中必须要用到的概念。2 m& f) i: w7 r5 z
c. 增加 Hypothesis,这个部分有点像文章的 Introduction,与最后的Conclusion对应,介绍这个研究的科学问题。
L, _2 j" O- j3 W" Ad. 加大 Results 的份额,这个就不用多说了吧。“讲故事”就在这里。当然了,我发现真正在准备的时候还是很费时的,因为要注意顺序问题,怎样能一张一张有逻辑的将故事说圆了,让大家都没有疑惑。
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) o1 T( Q' x) {(3)讲故事
5 }/ `% [, W, K$ b: n也就是 Results 部分,也是报告真正的核心内容。与写文章不同的是,因为时间限制,细节问题不需要讨论;这样才能将重要的内容凸显出来。图多字少不用公式也是给短报告的一个原则。 a: o3 r3 G( |4 j! o2 f
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我的第一个版本的每一张 Slide 都包括了进度条和姓名时间,后来在林老师的建议下删掉了。这是因为要“努力使听众集中注意力听故事”。
7 M1 w3 G9 f- R7 \) r. @6 h同样,制作 PPT 还有很多细节问题,有些关乎个人风格。目标当然是要显得“Professional”了。下面是林老师在帮我修改 PPT 时的一些建议,在这里与大家分享一下:3 M) P. n, U, k( G, F6 m/ O7 K
a. 字体: Aria narrow.
& t$ ^ l+ u; k7 h 字体大小: title 32, subtitle 28 etc., not smaller than 18
% @" V2 x( {- Gb.深色底色加上浅色(比如白&黄色)的字
( K6 w1 Z) l* J# I/ `! Xc. 不要过分展示别人的结果,专注于讲自己的故事。9 b) ?2 a! X J* t& n
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(5)画图. R6 L" }" n' @: O3 [, q) h5 F
因为图片在报告的重要性,PPT 中的每一张图都要重新画过,推荐用 png 格式。我用 AI 将 pdf 转成 png 格式,同时要注意分辨率,字体大小的问题。下面链接是个很详细的说明:4 H3 o8 j5 V! t
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