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" P) @6 _2 o% l; m! y% ^- w 原标题:如何保护鲸鱼免受船只伤害,看看智利交出的答卷!
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/ `2 F) W, ~* d2 U4 c A device floating in waters off the coast of southern Chile aims to collect data on nearby whales to protect them from passing ships.
4 s6 o, W! I/ p8 \+ V 智利南部海岸附近水域漂浮着一个装置,该装置旨在收集附近鲸鱼的数据,以保护它们免受过往船只的伤害。 + u: O3 F' Z" Z
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The first electronic buoy was recently placed in the sea in the Gulf of Corcovado, about 1,100 kilometers from the capital, Santiago. 8 F* U4 ]: v) O
第一个电子浮标最近被放置在距离智利首都圣地亚哥约1100公里的科尔科瓦多湾。 ; l- ~. B% c( V
The device is designed to listen to the sounds whales make when they communicate with each other.
- _ w* @1 z3 c' J/ @ 该设备旨在监听鲸鱼相互交流时发出的声音。
8 `- N1 G* v" {% H The animals use sound to map their movements and to hunt. . i8 N5 S* x/ ~
这种动物使用声音来记录它们的行动图,并进行狩猎。 ' p; F$ j: Z- F4 G7 ~
The sounds are processed by artificial intelligence (AI)-powered computer systems in an effort to identify where the animals are.
, \5 d' h8 e8 C R% f 这些声音由人工智能(AI)驱动的计算机系统处理,以努力确定动物的位置。
* V; P3 I# I/ ^6 N/ G This information is then sent to shipping operators to help them avoid crashing into whales.
7 G+ K9 P- A: T- l 这些信息随后被发送给航运运营商,以帮助他们避免撞到鲸鱼。
# f- @7 @, e7 w2 @1 b+ Y, f* L A non-profit organization called the Blue Boat Initiative put the buoy in place.
. m2 \9 l2 e7 P5 {: g- b, R- j3 C' W 该浮标由一个名为“蓝船倡议”的非营利组织安装。 ; s# u/ P9 \/ _6 V! a
The group seeks to develop and deploy technology tools to provide a warning system for shipping companies. ( t) F J" z9 i- {' ~
该组织寻求开发和部署技术工具,为航运公司提供预警系统。 & P i) T9 D$ m; N3 J- f) S
In addition to helping protect whales, the "smart" buoy also collects data on the health of the ocean and the effects of climate change.
8 l* g ]% q% Q5 ^* K# y 除了帮助保护鲸鱼,“智能”浮标还收集关于海洋健康和气候变化影响的数据。 / ?/ Z9 j8 G! S. L- O, C" l c
The group plans to place a series of buoys along the path whales take on trips from Antarctica to the equator.
2 m+ O& ~' ]' f' C5 @2 O* n1 s8 j 该组织计划在鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的路线上放置一系列浮标。
+ }. o; t* D! X The Gulf of Corcovado is rich in sea life, including a large number of blue whales, as well as sei and Southern right whales. 6 s, h" \' ?# \# o% u" o
科尔科瓦多湾的海洋生物丰富,包括大量的蓝鲸,以及西鲸和南露脊鲸。 ! L. A: N% H' t4 @1 w( M5 A5 w0 _

" E* g# i& M4 Y- [$ b All these whales are listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act.
2 u9 I. R. x1 M( p: B8 W5 u" J/ O) F 根据《濒危物种法》,所有这些鲸鱼都被列为濒危物种。 7 R4 h4 M$ |8 d/ J8 q" k
The areas whale population is largest during the summer season in the Southern Hemisphere. " g4 h# E6 Q. p' p& r- P
该地区的鲸鱼数量在南半球的夏季是最多的。 * ~. C1 }5 j9 N; z, G4 r l7 M0 x$ w
In 2008, Chile banned whaling activities, including whaling for scientific purposes. 9 z; \. X8 D/ R }# _
2008年,智利禁止捕鲸活动,包括用于科学目的捕鲸。
1 @! v8 D$ \4 d8 z9 r The country has established a number of protected areas for whales and other endangered species. ! ^5 k; }6 s8 d) O: ^
该国已经为鲸鱼和其他濒危物种建立了一些保护区。 1 l* t1 ~" l! \( ~- U. b; }
"This is the beginning of a longer road," said Sonia Espanol, director of the Blue Boat Initiative. 7 W% `6 [4 K3 D6 w
“这是一条更漫长道路的开始,”蓝船倡议的负责人索尼娅·埃斯帕诺尔说。 2 I0 D2 `, r Y5 e
She noted that her team plans to cover the gulf with at least six buoys. 0 R) u; S+ M( U0 R' U
她指出,她的团队计划用至少六个浮标覆盖整个海湾。
2 l* A- ^, g3 a, I, G "The idea is to be able to cover the entire migratory route of the whales from Antarctica to the equator," Espanol said.
) k1 n* O2 y0 f “我们的想法是能够覆盖鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的整个迁徙路线。”埃斯帕诺尔说。
* D2 \& G* j6 r9 _" v& b The buoy works by using software called Listening to the Deep Ocean Environment (LIDO).
4 t$ I3 i1 t H) W 该浮标的工作原理是使用名为“倾听深海环境”(LIDO)的软件。
6 K1 w& v$ x. r( T6 P- i* E The device continuously monitors ocean sounds. $ D( B) a8 b: O4 S% b- `# C
该设备持续监测海洋声音。
9 B1 k) `7 `5 w" o It uses AI to identify the kind of whales and where they are in real time.
/ g# s0 H0 K: r! ~ 它使用人工智能来实时识别鲸鱼的种类和位置。
* C9 t/ Y2 L0 p$ k; D It then sends messages to nearby ships so they can reduce noise levels and try to avoid crashes. : D: Q: }, H H6 a& j3 m- m' A) T
然后它会向附近的船只发送信息,这样他们就可以降低噪音水平,尽量避免碰撞。
/ I7 O8 v( ~% o; w. T The buoys also contain sensors to measure water temperatures, oxygen levels and more to predict ocean health and the effects of climate change.
6 o0 L& v) b6 t 浮标还包含传感器,用来测量水温、氧气水平等,以预测海洋健康和气候变化的影响。
0 F7 Y0 {6 Z5 [4 ^9 ~ That information is expected to be used to help guide public environmental policies. $ j0 e1 r7 O0 E# H7 ^/ }1 R
这些信息预计将被用来帮助指导公共环境政策。 + F( I! W- |# h5 Q4 `: R* C4 a
In the United States, scientists recently deployed a similar whale warning system off Americas west coast.
( w5 l f! I5 }8 X+ Y 在美国,科学家最近在美国西海岸部署了一个类似的鲸鱼预警系统。 ; w) O4 M, n+ d4 b3 ~% J$ i: Y8 j- F

8 d7 z: U2 n" e4 Y+ M4 L: A That system, called Whale Safe, also uses buoys to identify the presence of whales. 1 U }' p8 q- p- M% t
这个被称为“鲸鱼安全”的系统也使用浮标来识别鲸鱼的存在。 & x D% c% A5 t& l) ~4 W4 p
2022年第11期招生刚刚结束,部分班级还可以插班,详情请点击:招生简章|"一天一点"会员口语群2022年第11期招生最后1天! 6 K4 z9 ?" m: _1 {# R _
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